Uluru is a large sandstone monolith near the centre of Australia, about 335 kilometres southwest of Alice Springs. It is sacred to the Pitjantjatjara people, one of the Anangu groups of the region, and the surrounding area has springs, waterholes, rock caves and ancient paintings. Uluru and the nearby Kata Tjuta, also called the Olgas, are the two main features of a UNESCO World Heritage national park. The rock has been a popular destination for tourists since the late 1930s and was formerly known as Ayers Rock. It is one of Australia's most recognisable natural landmarks and one of its most important Indigenous sites.

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India, with more than 1,600 surviving remains spread over 4,100 hectares. It was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565. Travellers from Persia and Portugal described it as a prosperous, wealthy and grand city with temples, markets and farms along the Tungabhadra River. By 1500 it was estimated to be the world's second-largest city after Beijing, and probably India's richest at the time. In 1565 a coalition of Muslim sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, its capital was conquered and destroyed, and the city was left in ruins. Hampi remains a religious centre, with the active Virupaksha Temple at its heart.