In 2021 the US Congress passed strict rules to stop sesame, a common allergen, from contaminating other foods. Many manufacturers found it cheaper to stop trying to avoid cross-contact and instead add sesame deliberately as an ingredient to products that had never contained it, which took them outside the rule. The result was more foods containing sesame, which is the opposite of what the law aimed at. It is a textbook example of a perverse incentive, where a rule changes behaviour in a way its designers did not intend.

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India, with more than 1,600 surviving remains spread over 4,100 hectares. It was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565. Travellers from Persia and Portugal described it as a prosperous, wealthy and grand city with temples, markets and farms along the Tungabhadra River. By 1500 it was estimated to be the world's second-largest city after Beijing, and probably India's richest at the time. In 1565 a coalition of Muslim sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, its capital was conquered and destroyed, and the city was left in ruins. Hampi remains a religious centre, with the active Virupaksha Temple at its heart.