Around 90 percent of the world's carbon dioxide emissions come from fossil fuels and industrial processes such as cement production. The remaining 10 percent comes mainly from land use change, especially carbon released when trees and vegetation are cleared. Fossil fuels are the dominant source in most countries, but a few nations have emissions profiles shaped by forests or other factors. Looking at each country's breakdown shows where the climate challenge is concentrated. The data helps separate the main driver of warming from the secondary ones.

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India, with more than 1,600 surviving remains spread over 4,100 hectares. It was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565. Travellers from Persia and Portugal described it as a prosperous, wealthy and grand city with temples, markets and farms along the Tungabhadra River. By 1500 it was estimated to be the world's second-largest city after Beijing, and probably India's richest at the time. In 1565 a coalition of Muslim sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, its capital was conquered and destroyed, and the city was left in ruins. Hampi remains a religious centre, with the active Virupaksha Temple at its heart.