
science & techESA/Hubble
Hubble's view of Messier 84 shows the crowded core of a Virgo Cluster galaxy hiding a supermassive black hole
This Hubble image shows the centre of Messier 84, also called NGC 4374, an elliptical galaxy about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. Charles Messier published the object in his catalogue in its final form in 1781, after discovering it in March of that year. Messier 84 lies in the densely packed centre of the Virgo Cluster, which contains more than 1000 galaxies. The picture shows only the inner region of the galaxy, which the release describes as likely the best image of the area ever captured. Earlier observations with Hubble's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph revealed a supermassive black hole at its centre. Astronomers found it by measuring how fast gas and stars were moving around that centre. The galaxy has also hosted two observed supernovae, SN1957 and SN1991bg, discovered in 1957 and 1991.
The image shows how a supermassive black hole can be inferred from the motion of surrounding stars and gas, which is one of the key ways astronomers weigh black holes. It also shows how dense cluster environments are where many galaxies are shaped.
Charles Messier compiled his catalogue to help comet hunters avoid mistaking fixed fuzzy objects like this galaxy for comets.
