On 10 November 1871 the journalist Henry Morton Stanley found the missionary and explorer David Livingstone at Ujiji, on Lake Tanganyika, and is said to have greeted him with the words 'Dr. Livingstone, I presume?' Livingstone had been out of contact for years while searching for the source of the Nile, and many in Britain feared he was lost. The New York Herald had sent Stanley, then a Welsh-born American correspondent, to find him. Stanley went on to explore the Congo and work for King Leopold II, and his legacy is controversial.

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India, with more than 1,600 surviving remains spread over 4,100 hectares. It was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565. Travellers from Persia and Portugal described it as a prosperous, wealthy and grand city with temples, markets and farms along the Tungabhadra River. By 1500 it was estimated to be the world's second-largest city after Beijing, and probably India's richest at the time. In 1565 a coalition of Muslim sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, its capital was conquered and destroyed, and the city was left in ruins. Hampi remains a religious centre, with the active Virupaksha Temple at its heart.