Some Miami English is shaped directly by Spanish. Speakers say 'get down from the car' instead of 'get out of the car', because 'bajar del carro' means 'to get down', and 'married with' comes from 'casarse con'. Such expressions are calques, word-for-word translations that cross from one language into another, a process that has long shaped English. Dandelion is a classic example: German, French and English each borrowed the Latin idea of 'lion's tooth' and translated it along the way. The Cuban migration to South Florida after 1959 created a bilingual community where these translations took root, and the Miami-born now use them more than immigrants, while outsiders find them odd.

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India, with more than 1,600 surviving remains spread over 4,100 hectares. It was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1565. Travellers from Persia and Portugal described it as a prosperous, wealthy and grand city with temples, markets and farms along the Tungabhadra River. By 1500 it was estimated to be the world's second-largest city after Beijing, and probably India's richest at the time. In 1565 a coalition of Muslim sultanates defeated the Vijayanagara Empire, its capital was conquered and destroyed, and the city was left in ruins. Hampi remains a religious centre, with the active Virupaksha Temple at its heart.