historyanalysisThe Public Domain Review
Typists who took dictation shaped some of modern literature's most famous novels
Behind many modern literary masterpieces stood women whose work was rarely credited. Theodora Bosanquet worked as the secretary and typist to the novelist Henry James, taking dictation as he composed his late novels. Véra Nabokov typed, edited and defended the work of her husband Vladimir Nabokov, and famously helped save the manuscript of Lolita from being burned. Valerie Eliot, T. S. Eliot's wife, later edited and published the original drafts of The Waste Land, revealing how much editor Ezra Pound had shaped it. The typewriter, which spread in the late 19th century, opened office jobs to women, and many were poorly paid assistants to male writers. Their labour was often unpaid and invisible.
Recognising these women changes the story of authorship: great books are often group efforts. It also shows how gender affected who got credit for creative work.
Henry James began dictating to a typist in the 1890s, and some scholars say it changed his prose style.
Image: The Public Domain Review
