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Astronauts feel weightless because they are in free fall, not because gravity is far away

the gist

Astronauts on the International Space Station seem to float, which leads many people to assume gravity must be absent up there. In fact gravity at the station's altitude is still nearly 90 percent as strong as on the surface. The weightlessness comes from the station and its crew falling continuously around the Earth. Because they are moving sideways fast enough, they keep missing the ground as they fall. Everything inside the station falls together, so nothing presses against anything else. Understanding this shows that orbit is a kind of endless fall.

so what

This explains why orbit works and why astronauts float, and it corrects a very common intuition about gravity. Gravity extends without limit, only weakening with distance.

fun fact

Gravity does not stop at any boundary; it weakens with distance but never fully disappears.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · text CC BY-SA 4.0

Illustrative photo · NASA, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons