historyWikipedia1935 · United Kingdom
A tipsy Foreign Office diplomat helped wreck Anglo-American intelligence trust by defecting to Moscow
Guy Burgess was a British diplomat and Soviet double agent and a member of the Cambridge Five spy ring, which operated from the mid-1930s into the early Cold War. He was recruited by Soviet intelligence in 1935 on the recommendation of Kim Philby. Working as a confidential secretary at the Foreign Office after 1944, he gained access to secret information on British foreign policy in the critical post-1945 years, and it is estimated he passed thousands of documents to his Soviet handlers. In 1951 he fled to Moscow with Donald Maclean just as Maclean was about to be unmasked. Burgess had been sent home from his Washington posting after repeated misbehaviour, and he was later dismissed from the Foreign Office after being accused of coming to work drunk. His defection caused a serious breach in Anglo-US intelligence cooperation. He never returned to Britain and died in Moscow in 1963.
Historians consider the damage from his defection to the West's trust, and the resulting disruption to British diplomacy, possibly greater than any single secret he passed on. The case is a standard example of how personal weakness and a lax security culture can have long strategic consequences.
Burgess's life was dramatised in the 1984 film Another Country, starring Rupert Everett.
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