mind & bodyanalysisThe Conversation (Australia)
‘Nobody cared’: new research shows deepfakes are hurting regular people, not just celebrities
AI-generated sexual deepfakes, which began in 2017 as celebrity face-swaps on a Reddit forum, are now a problem for ordinary people. A survey of 7,230 adults in Australia, the UK and the US found that 7% had been victims of non-consensual sexual deepfakes, with higher rates among people under 35, LGBTQ+ people, people of colour and people with disabilities. About 3.2% admitted creating, sharing or threatening to share such images of someone else. Their reasons ranged from revenge to thinking it was funny, wanting to experiment with the technology or show off to friends. The true figures are probably higher, since many victims never find out.
Deepfake tools use machine-learning image generators trained on huge numbers of pictures. A 'nudify' app takes an ordinary photo and generates a synthetic version with the clothing removed, while other generators build new images from text prompts or reference photos. Modern versions need only one photograph and a few seconds, so no technical skill is required.
The harm doesn't depend on how realistic an image looks: victims describe fear, shame and loss of control, and a whack-a-mole cycle of reporting copies that keep reappearing. Some were disbelieved because the images were 'not real'. With 'nudify' apps free and easy to find, anyone with a single photo of a person can now be a perpetrator, which is why governments such as Australia's are moving to ban the apps.
The word 'deepfake' comes from the username of that Reddit account, 'deepfakes', combined with 'deep learning'.
background
Deepfake pornography is generative AI pornography created by altering existing photographs or videos, using deepfake technology, to modify the appearance of the depicted individuals, typically without consent. Deepfake pornography is controversial and has been the subject of lawsuits and criminal investigations because users create and distribute realistic photos and videos of non-consenting individuals, sometimes including minors. It has been used for revenge porn. Many countries have criminalized deepfake pornography through legislative measures and technological solutions.
From Wikipedia: Deepfake pornography (CC BY-SA 4.0) ↗ · text CC BY-SA 4.0The Conversation
Illustrative photo · bod lnga klang, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
