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The world's largest tropical wetland floods 80% of its land each rainy season

the gist

The Pantanal, mostly in Brazil's Mato Grosso do Sul and spilling into Mato Grosso, Bolivia and Paraguay, is the world's largest tropical wetland and largest flooded grassland. About 80% of its floodplains are underwater in the rainy season, which is what supports so many aquatic plants and a dense array of animals. Scientists divide it into up to 12 sub-regions, each with its own water flow, geology and wildlife.

how it works

Rain falling on the surrounding highlands drains into rivers like the Paraguay, which spills over its flat banks because the land is so level that water cannot run off quickly. The flood spreads slowly over months, then recedes in the dry season.

so what

The seasonal flood pulse is the engine of the place: it spreads nutrients, feeds fish, and then retreats to leave grazing land and drying pools. That makes the Pantanal sensitive to droughts and changes upstream in the rivers that fill it.

fun fact

The Pantanal is known for having one of the highest densities of jaguars anywhere, and they are often seen hunting along the riverbanks.

more on this

key facts

Country
Brazil
Located in
Mato Grosso
Area
195,000 km²

Facts: Wikidata (CC0)

Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Image: Wikimedia Commons