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Doughnuts grew from ancient fried dough balls, and the ring shape arrived much later

the gist

Fried dough snacks are very old: the Roman writer Cato the Elder recorded a deep-fried dough ball sweetened with honey, cheese and poppy seeds. Similar recipes spread across Europe and the Arab world, and a 13th-century Arabic cookbook describes a doughnut-like sfenj shaped with a hole. In the early 18th century Dutch settlers brought oliekoek to New York, and by the early 1800s the name dough-nuts was in use. Washington Irving's 1809 history of New York described these fried cakes as a Dutch treat. Frozen baked doughnuts began selling in American supermarkets in the 1960s.

so what

The doughnut shows how a food travels: a simple idea of fried dough appeared independently in many cultures, then took its modern form in the Dutch and American communities that popularised it. Knowing this history reveals that the ring shape is a relatively recent refinement on a very old technique.

fun fact

Washington Irving, later famous for The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, wrote about Dutch-style dough-nuts in his 1809 history of New York.

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Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Image: Wikimedia Commons