historyWikipedia1st century AD · Alexandria, Roman Egypt

Vending began in 1st-century Egypt with a coin-operated machine dispensing holy water

the gist

The first known vending machine was described by Hero of Alexandria, an engineer in 1st-century Roman Egypt. A coin dropped onto a pan on a lever, which opened a valve to release wine or holy water. As the coin's weight tilted the pan until it fell off, a counterweight snapped the valve shut. Coin-operated tobacco dispensers were working in English taverns by 1615. The first fully automatic machine was a stamp dispenser patented by Simon Denham in 1867, and London's early 1880s postcard machines spread across railway stations and post offices. Today the US industry is estimated at 18.2 billion dollars, run from about 3 million machines.

how it works

A coin's weight tips a pan on a lever. The lever opens a valve, and once the pan tilts far enough the coin falls off and a counterweight snaps the lever back, closing the valve. The same basic principle of weight triggering a release sits behind many early coin mechanisms.

so what

The vending machine turned buying into a self-service transaction long before shops did. Today the sector is moving toward automated hot food and robotic dispensing.

fun fact

Some early novelty vending machines included a clucking chicken that dispensed a toy-filled egg.

more on this

Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Photo: Minnesota Historical Society, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons