historyWikipedia1970 · Bhola, Bangladesh

A cyclone killed 300,000 people and helped break a country in two

the gist

The Bhola cyclone struck East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and India's West Bengal on 12 November 1970, and is the deadliest tropical cyclone on record. At least 300,000 people died, possibly as many as 500,000, mostly from the storm surge that flooded the low-lying islands of the Ganges Delta. The storm formed over the Bay of Bengal on 8 November, reached winds of 185 km/h (115 mph) and made landfall on 11 November. In the worst-hit area, Tazumuddin, over 45% of the 167,000 residents were killed.

so what

The government of Pakistan, led by General Yahya Khan, was criticised by local leaders and the international press for its slow relief effort. Anger in East Pakistan fed support for the Awami League, which won a landslide in the election held a month later, and the dispute over power led to the Bangladesh Liberation War seven months later, creating Bangladesh.

the bigger pattern

Disasters can expose political divisions: a government's response to a crisis may shape its legitimacy for years, as with this storm and the collapse of Pakistan's union.

fun fact

The cyclone's death toll is usually given as 'at least 300,000', making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.

more on this

key facts

Started
3 November 1970
Ended
13 November 1970
Date
1970

Facts: Wikidata (CC0)

Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Image: Wikimedia Commons