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The Adhyatma Ramayana retells Rama's story as a spiritual allegory

the gist

The Adhyatma Ramayana, the 'Spiritual Ramayana', is a Sanskrit text that interprets the story of the Ramayana allegorically within the framework of Advaita Vedanta. It is embedded in the latter portion of the Brahmanda Purana, and its author is considered to be Vyasa; Hindu tradition also attributes it to the Bhakti saint Ramananda. Its seven books, 65 chapters and about 4,500 verses take the form of a dialogue between Shiva and Parvati. The text presents Rama as the supreme Brahman, raising each of his everyday acts to a spiritual level, and re-interprets the struggles of Rama and Sita in an abstract spiritual form. It is meant as a guide for the spiritual seeker, who is invited to see outer life as a metaphor for the eternal journey of the soul. The Bala Kanda opens with Rama's cosmic form as an avatar of Vishnu who descended to earth as a human being, and the Uttara Kanda includes a conversation between Rama and his brother Lakshmana known as the Rama Gita. Where Valmiki's Ramayana emphasizes Rama's human nature, the Adhyatma Ramayana tells the story from the perspective of his divinity.

so what

The text makes up over 35% of the chapters of the Brahmanda Purana and often circulates on its own in the Vaishnava tradition. Its allegory inspired later Ramayanas in other languages, including Tulsidas's Awadhi Ramcharitmanas and Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan's Malayalam version.

similar stories in other cultures

In Persian Sufi literature, Attar's poem The Conference of the Birds (1177) follows a flock of birds, led by the hoopoe, across seven valleys in search of the Simorgh, as a spiritual journey of self-discovery. In English literature, John Bunyan's 1678 Christian allegory The Pilgrim's Progress, presented as a dream, follows Christian on his journey from the City of Destruction to the Celestial City.

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Image: Ms Sarah Welch, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons