world cultures & travelWikipediac. 1280–present · New Zealand

New Zealand was the last large habitable land on Earth to be settled by humans

the gist

New Zealand is an island country in the southwest Pacific made up of two large islands and more than 700 smaller ones. Polynesian settlers arrived between about 1280 and 1350, the last large habitable land on Earth to be settled, and they developed the distinctive Māori culture. Dutch explorer Abel Tasman sighted the islands in 1642, and James Cook mapped them in 1769. In 1840 British representatives and Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, which led to British sovereignty and a colony by 1841. New Zealand became a dominion in 1907 and gained full statutory independence in 1947, while keeping the monarch as head of state. Today around 5.3 million people live there.

how it works

Polynesian voyagers navigated by stars, swells and birds across thousands of kilometres of ocean to reach the islands. Their settlement reshaped the environment, most notably through the extinction of moa and other native birds.

so what

New Zealand's history explains much of its present, from the Treaty of Waitangi, which still shapes debates over land and rights, to its long tradition of social reform. Its late human settlement also makes its wildlife and landscapes unusual, since many species evolved without mammalian predators.

fun fact

New Zealand was the first self-governing country to give women the right to vote, in 1893.

more on this

longer watch · 9:17

9:17

This is “impossible”, but New Zealand is trying anyway.

Tom Scott on YouTube ↗

key facts

Country
New Zealand
Capital
Wellington
Population
5.3 million
Area
268,021 km²
Founded
13 December 1986

Facts: Wikidata (CC0)

Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Image: Wikimedia Commons