historyThe Public Domain Review1893 · Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Saville-Kent's 1893 book was among the first to show a coral reef through photographs

the gist

In 1893 the naturalist William Saville-Kent published a book on the Great Barrier Reef that used colour lithographs and photographs to show coral reef life. Photographing reefs was very difficult in the 1890s, because cameras were bulky, exposures were slow, and the water had to be kept calm and clear. Most people had never seen a reef in colour, so the book gave them a first view of an underwater world that few Europeans had ever seen. Its images still show how the reef looked to scientists more than a century ago.

how it works

Reef-building corals are colonies of polyps that deposit calcium carbonate beneath their bodies. Over centuries these skeletons accumulate into the reef structure, which grows only in clear, warm, shallow water.

so what

The book helped turn the Great Barrier Reef from a distant curiosity into a subject of scientific and public interest. Early reef images like these now serve as a baseline for judging how much coral has changed since the 1890s.

Image: The Public Domain Review