sportsWikipedia6th century BCE–present · Persia and India
Polo is one of the oldest team sports, played at up to 35 miles per hour on horseback
Polo is a team sport in which riders on horses use long wooden mallets to drive a ball between goalposts. Each team has four players, and a game is split into chukkas, periods of about seven minutes, with riders switching to fresh horses between them. Players reach speeds of up to 35 miles per hour while swinging, so the sport demands both horsemanship and precise striking. Its ancestor was the Persian game chovgan, played from the 6th century BCE to the 1st century CE in Persia and Central Asia. The modern form developed in India, and British officers and tea planters carried it to Britain in the 19th century. Polo was an Olympic sport from 1900 to 1936.
Players steer with their legs and reins while hitting the ball with a mallet held in the right hand, which requires control at high speed. Each horse can only carry a rider for a short burst, so players change mounts between chukkas. Scoring is simple: the team that drives the ball between the opposing posts most often wins.
Polo shows how a single game can travel across empires and centuries, changing shape as it goes. It is one of the oldest documented team sports, and its history links ancient Persia, colonial India and modern elite sport. Its horse-based format also makes it one of the few Olympic sports where the athlete and the animal share the scoring.
The Persian ancestor chovgan was played on horseback with mallets, much like the modern game.
longer watch · 7:13
7:13Three Historical Accounts of the Dog-Headed Men // Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta and Sir John Mandeville
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