nature & planetWikipedia
Truffle
A truffle is not a root or a nut but the fruiting body of a fungus that lives underground, mostly in the genus Tuber. The visible part is only the reproductive structure, while most of the organism is a web of threads spread through the soil. Truffles are ectomycorrhizal, meaning they form a partnership with tree roots: the fungus supplies water and minerals to the tree and receives sugars in return. Because they grow hidden, their spores are spread when animals dig up and eat them and pass the spores on in their droppings. Some species are prized in Italian and French haute cuisine, and many are now cultivated.
The fungal threads wrap around fine tree roots and exchange nutrients, linking trees underground. Truffles cannot release spores into the air, so their strong aroma attracts animals that eat them and disperse the spores, which is why trained dogs or pigs are used to find wild truffles.
Truffles show how much of forest life runs underground, where trees and fungi trade nutrients through shared networks. Their value as food also depends on that hidden partnership, since they can only be grown alongside suitable host trees.
Pigs were traditionally used to hunt truffles because the smell resembles a compound found in boar saliva.
Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0
Photo: moi-même, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
