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Èṣù, the Yoruba Orisha of the crossroads and messenger between worlds

the gist

Èṣù is the Orisha of trickery, chance, crossroads, judgement, duality and languages in the Yoruba religion: a primordial divinity sent by Olodumare and the chief enforcer of natural and divine laws. He is the messenger and intermediary between the Ajogun, the Orisha and human beings, and he distributes and supervises the sacrifices people make. Unlike other divinities, every day of the four-day traditional Yoruba week is his day of worship. He stands at the middle of divergent forces, regulating both joy and fulfilment and destruction and sorrow, keeping the balance of good and bad, just and unjust, and protecting towns, villages, priests and devotees, favouring those who make the proper offerings. He is a close friend and working partner of Ọrunmila, who teaches Ifá. As the Yoruba religion spread, his names changed while beliefs stayed similar: Exu in Candomblé, Echú in Santería, Legba in Haitian Vodou and Leba in Winti. Tellings also differ on his paths: Ifá speaks of 256 paths to Elegua, each an Eshu, while ocha counts 101 paths to Eshu.

so what

In Candomblé, a shrine to Exu, often a simple mound of red clay like those found in Nigeria, stands near the temple's entrance gate, and part of every offering made to an orixá is set aside for him. He also appears in modern fiction, including Tananarive Due's novel The Good House, as guardian of the crossroads and enforcer of divine justice.

similar stories in other cultures

In ancient Greek religion, Hermes is the herald and messenger of the gods, able to move freely between the mortal and divine worlds on his winged sandals, and is also called "the divine trickster". In ancient Roman religion, Janus is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions and duality, and he was invoked at the beginning of every ceremony, whichever deity was being honoured.

more on this

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Image: Unknown author, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons