mind & bodyanalysisNLM Circulating Now1755–1756 · Hamburg

Sleep: Analysis of a 1-Year Diary From 1755–56

the gist

An anonymous diary kept in Hamburg from August 1755 to August 1756 records sleep, food, exercise and weather every day, with times recorded to the nearest quarter hour. Researchers suggest the diarist was an English merchant named Anthony Simpson, who went bankrupt during this period after losses from emigrant shipping and family deaths. The diary follows an approach from ancient medicine that advised patients to track the six non-natural things, including air, activity, sleep and states of mind. Because the timings are so precise, a statistician and a sleep researcher were able to analyse the sleep patterns as a time series.

so what

The diary is a rare long-term record of one person's sleep in the eighteenth century, which is valuable because most historical sleep evidence comes from scattered references. It can only describe one individual, so it cannot be generalised, but it gives a concrete picture of pre-industrial sleep.

U.S. National Library of Medicine

Illustrative photo · Domenico Fetti, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons