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The Eight Immortals, the Taoist xian who each crossed the sea by their own powers

the gist

The Eight Immortals (Ba Xian) are a group of legendary xian, or immortals, in Chinese mythology, revered by Taoists and also a popular part of secular Chinese culture. They are said to live on a group of five islands in the Bohai Sea that includes Mount Penglai, and each one's power can be passed into a vessel that can bestow life or destroy evil. They are He Xiangu, often shown holding a lotus flower; Cao Guojiu, related to a Song dynasty emperor; Li Tieguai, with his iron crutch and calabash, associated with medicine and easing the suffering of the sick; Lan Caihe, patron of florists and gardeners; Lü Dongbin, a scholar and poet seen as their leader; Han Xiangzi, a flute player; Zhang Guolao, a symbol of longevity; and Zhongli Quan, often shown with a fan. Tellings differ on details: Lan Caihe was originally pictured as female and later became ambiguous. In the Ming dynasty work The Eight Immortals Cross the Sea, on their way to the Conference of the Magical Peach, Lü Dongbin suggests that instead of riding their clouds, each should cross the Bohai Sea using their own unique power.

so what

From that story comes the proverb "The Eight Immortals cross the sea, each reveals its divine powers", used when everyone uses their own skills toward a common goal. As signs of prosperity and longevity, they adorn celadon vases, silk paintings, murals such as those of the Yongle Gong temple, and plays like The Yellow-Millet Dream, and the Eight Immortals Palace in Xi'an and many shrines in China and Taiwan honour them.

similar stories in other cultures

In Japanese mythology, the Seven Lucky Gods (Shichifukujin) are believed to grant good luck; they were once worshipped separately and have been mentioned as a collective since 1420 in Fushimi. In Hindu tradition, the Saptarishi are seven seers extolled in the Vedas; different texts give different lists of them, such as the Jaiminiya Brahmana and the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad.

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Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Image: Zhang Chong 張翀, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons